常用网盘

千脑网盘

千脑永久保存用户文件，永不删除，免费最大100G，不限文件大小，最适合文件分享和长期保存，而且他的特色是你将拥有一台在线的电脑！！(推荐！)

DropBox

严格意义来说，DropBox并不是一款用于与别人共享文件的网络硬盘，但它的同步功能是别的所有任何网盘都没有的，非常强大的哟！具体可以查看DropBox的图文介绍

Mediafire

无限容量 无限带宽 文件最大100M 文件后台管理 简单统计 免费 无须注册(Jimmy使用过最好的一个在线存储网站，可惜的是去年就不幸撞墙了。)

纳米盘

1G固定容量 文件最大4G 文件后台管理 纳米机器人工具 国内服务 无须注册

Rayfile

原先叫FS2You现在改名为Rayfile 无限容量 无最大上线 文件后台管理 客户端Rayfile 国内服务 其他都不错就是客户端总是开着一个进程让人不安。

UUshare

初始帐户512容量 良好的文件管理系统 不过对于单个文件限制过严 用户体验不错。

Skydrive

微软提供的服务，之前是5G空间后来涨到了25G。需要LIVE帐号。

Box

Box的在线文件存储服务一直都很多Geek所推崇，可惜的是免费帐号的空间太小只有1G，而且限制最大单个文件为25MB最多五个文件夹。

drop.io

一款非常有创意的在线存储分享的服务，无须注册 每次最大100MB Jimmy个人很喜欢它的界面风格。

Flyupload

支持最大2G的文件 无须注册 很简单的界面很实在的服务。

Easyshare

拥有四种上传方式，上传速度不错还可以赚钱。但下载比较复杂用户体验不佳。

QQ群邮件附件文件中转站

速度方面还不错但下载次数限制对于那些内容劲爆的东西而言很快就耗尽了。


以上就是Jimmy简单介绍的一些免费的在线网络硬盘和文件存储的服务，当然以上都是Jimmy自己常用的一些，如果大家有还有更好的请一定在评论中和大家一同share。一直寄希望于Google能出一个在线硬盘的服务但所谓的GDrive都没有出现。

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stroke的血压管理

【1】脑卒中伴有高血压的患者，要经过四次分层才能给药，第一次分层，先看病人的发病时间， （1）缺血性卒中病人发病在一周内指南上推荐，原则上急性期不用降压药，除去三种情况：1.病人平均动脉压>130mmHg，2.病人做溶栓治疗血压需要控制在180/105mmHg以下，3.合并其他重要疾病，合并急性心梗合并肾动脉衰竭，合并主动脉夹层合并高血压脑病，其他时候一周内不使用降压药。（2）如果病人发作超过一周，进行第二次分层，是否有动脉粥样硬化的证据，如果没有就是心源性推荐使用ARB, 如果ARB无效加用CCB。如果有动脉粥样硬化的证据再作第三次分层，看病人的狭窄是否严重，如果是轻中度狭窄，直接治疗就可以， 首选CCB，如果CCB无效用ARB或者ACEI。如果是严重狭窄，就做第四次分层，看是否为低灌注事件，如果是低灌注事件就不能用降压药，如果是非低灌注性事件，就试验性用CCB，给一次观察一至两天如果病人是安全的，按照常规量给药，如果CCB无效加用ACEI或ARB

【2】急性期卒中患者血压调控
急性期卒中患者80%合并高血压，出血性卒中比缺血性卒中血压增高更明显，持续时间较长。关于卒中急性期的降血压治疗，AHA和美国卒中学会（ASA）在2007年联合发布的《成人缺血性卒中早期治疗指南》中指出：
①很多卒中患者在24小时内有血压自发性下降的趋势，在有确凿证据前应谨慎控制血压；对有其他适应证的高血压患者，应严格控制血压（对于高血压脑病、接受溶栓治疗、全身性疾病患者可以用降压药控制血压，降压的幅度应＜20%）；对血压急剧升高者应积极治疗，24小时内血压降15%；一般认为当收缩压>220mmHg或平均血压>120mmHg时，应给予降压治疗。
②临床研究显示，卒中发生后24小时内开始降压治疗相对安全，对于无禁忌证、既往患有高血压且神经系统症状稳定的患者可在卒中后24小时开始降压治疗。
③降压治疗中对药物的选择尚无相关证据。
关于急性脑梗死降压药物的选择，ACCESS研究观察在缺血性卒中的36～72小时内应用坎地沙坦降低血压对心脑血管事件的影响，发现坎地沙坦组的死亡及心血管事件的相关风险较安慰剂组降低47.5%，致死和非致死性卒中的危险性降低24%和28%。该研究证明，急性缺血性卒中早期采用ARB类降压药控制血压可获益。
另外，ACCOST研究在卒中后应用坎地沙坦控制血压的安全性，发现应用坎地沙坦12周后收缩压降低10mmHg，舒张压降低3.7mmHg，结果提示卒中后急性期（72小时）应用坎地沙坦控制血压是安全的，而且可以较快地达到目标血压。
【3】1周后做TCD和颈部血管彩超，了解双侧颈动脉狭窄程度，个体化控制血压，参考rose的帖子：
单侧颈动脉狭窄大于70%，收缩压控制在130-150mmHg之间；如果双侧颈动脉狭窄都大于70%，收缩压应该保持在150mmHg以上；如果是其他情况，血压低于140mmHg是安全的

一种神经营养因子蛋白能够保护ad

At the University of California, San Diego, scientists identified brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein produced in the entorhinal cortex of the brain, as a substance that has the potential to provide long-lasting protection against Alzheimer’s disease in animal models. Studies need to be done to determine the value of BDNF in humans at risk for or with the disease.

What is Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor?

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a protein manufactured in an area of the brain that supports memory. It’s been shown that BDNF production, which continues throughout a person’s lifetime, decreases in people who have Alzheimer’s disease. This new study, the results of which were published in the February 8, 2009 issue of Nature Medicine, showed BDNF to have a very powerful impact on brain cells.

Study Results

The researchers injected the BDNF protein into various cell cultures and animal models, including rats and monkeys who had damage to their entorhinal cortex. When compared with control animals, who were not treated with BDNF, the treated animals did significantly better on memory and learning tests.

When the brains of the treated animals were examined, they had enhanced cell size, improved signaling between cells, and activity in neurons that would have degenerated due to Alzheimer’s disease if BDNF had not been administered. The scientists also saw improvement in the hippocampus, which is one of the first areas of the brain that is damaged in Alzheimer’s disease, and also where short-term memory is processed.

According to the study’s experts, BDNF directly affects the dying cells in specific memory areas of the brain. The protein prevents cell death, stimulates cell function, and thus improves memory and learning. For these reasons, the researchers are hopeful that BDNF treatment will someday provide lasting protection against Alzheimer’s disease.

Possible New Treatment Approach

Most of the current experimental treatments for Alzheimer’s disease focus on preventing or stopping the accumulation of amyloid plaque, protein fragments that build up between the nerve cells in the brain of people with Alzheimer’s disease. Treatment with BDNF would offer an alternative treatment approach, because it targets a different disease mechanism than plaque development. Therefore, there is a potential for clinicians to combine amyloid-based treatments with BDNF and thus expand the scope and hopefully the success of treatment for people who have this devastating disease.

防治高血压的良好建议

Hypertension is one of the major medical problems of our modern age.  Hypertension is divided into two main categories--primary or essential hypertension and secondary hypertension.  Currently, 94% of all diagnosed hypertension is termed essential meaning that the underlying mechanism is unknown.  However, there is considerable research showing that a variety of genetic, nutritional and environmental factors are responsible for the condition.  In the other 6% the hypertension is secondary to another disease.  The number of individuals with hypertension (blood pressure over 160/95 mm Hg) in the U.S.A. is estimated at 20% in the adult white population and 30% in black adults.  These values are nearly doubled if the  blood pressure reading of 140/90 mm Hg is considered the upper limit of normal.   Although behavior patterns and stress play an important part, hypertension is most closely related to dietary factors.  Hypertension is another of the many diseases or syndromes associated with the western diet, and is found almost entirely in developed countries.  People living in remote areas of China, the Solomon Islands, New Guinea, Panama, Brazil and Africa show virtually no evidence of essential hypertension, nor do they experience a rise in blood pressure with advancing age.  Furthermore, when racially identical members of these societies migrate to less remote areas and adopt a more "civilized" diet the incidence of hypertension increases dramatically.   While many factors influence blood pressure including weight, diet, lifestyle, caffeine use, alcohol use, tobacco use, stress levels, and exercise, I'd like to focus on herbs and natural supplements that can be helpful for maintaining healthy blood pressure levels.   HAWTHORN BERRY Hawthorn berries are commonly used throughout Europe to their cardiovascular activity--they provide a combination of effects that are beneficial for angina and other heart problems.  Specifically, hawthorn berries reduce blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels, improve blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart, and offer significant protection against the development of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).  In addition, hawthorn berries may be beneficial, either alone or in conjunction with Coenzyme Q-10, in the treatment of mild to moderate heart failure.   OLIVE LEAF Olive leaf extract has been shown in numerous studies to provide hypotensive (blood pressure-lowering) properties and inhibits the oxidation of LDL cholesterol, which helps to prevent the formation of plaque that can clog arteries and cause heart disease.  Clinical trials have confirmed that olive leaf extract lowers blood pressure, normalizes heart beat irregularities (arrhythmias), relieves angina pain, and enhances circulatory system function, improving blood flow in cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disorders.  In addition, researchers have determined that a bitter glucoside known as oleuropein is a powerful antioxidant and the compound responsible for olive leaf extract's ability to successfully inhibit oxidation of LDL cholesterol.   GRAPE SEED Grape seed extract is a rich source of plant flavonoids called proanthocyanidins.  The powerful antioxidant activity of these proanthocyanidins can cross the blood-brain barrier to protect brain cells and nerve endings against free radical damage caused by exposure to air pollution, certain carcinogenic (cancer-causing) chemicals, tobacco smoke and ultraviolet light.  In addition, double-blind research conducted in France has shown that grape seed extract strengthens capillaries and has shown good effects in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency.   GOLDEN ROD Golden rod contains flavonoids and saponins that provide a diuretic action on the kidneys, promoting fluid elimination.  This action is achieved without stimulating the loss of sodium and chloride, thus golden rod is considered safer than many synthetic diuretics (prescription and over-the-counter) which promote the loss of electrolytes.  Golden rod has also demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity and is approved by the German Commission E for use as a diuretic, anti-inflammatory and mild anti-spasmodic.  In addition, golden rod is widely used in Europe to treat inflammation of the urinary tract, as well as to help prevent formation of and promote the elimination of kidney stones.   COLEUS FORSKOHLII Coleus Forskohlii has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for centuries as a natural remedy for heart disease.  Coleus forskohlii contains a substance known as forskolin that appears to be responsible for the herb's ability to reduce blood pressure.  Today, physicians in India use forskolin to treat angina, heart failure and hypertension.  Research shows forskolin has the potential to not only reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, but also to strengthen the heart muscle, thus improving its function and enhancing blood flow throughout the body.   L-ARGININE L-arginine (an amino acid) has been shown in animal studies to help reduce high plasma cholesterol levels and aid in the treatment of atherosclerosis.  Arginine is a precursor to nitric oxide, which is needed by the body to keep blood vessels dilated, thus allowing the heart to receive adequate oxygen.  Arginine also appears to function as a natural blood thinner by decreasing platelet aggregation.   VITAMIN E Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that protects LDL cholesterol from oxidation, which may reduce the risk of heart disease.  Studies published in the New England Journal of Medicine have shown that vitamin E supplementation can reduce the risk of heart disease by up to 41%.  Research has also found that vitamin E can reduce the risk of nonfatal heart attacks by up to 77%, according to a double-blind study published in Lancet.    This information is not intended to prescribe or diagnose in any way.  Please consult a QUALIFIED health care professional before using any of the herbs or natural supplements mentioned above.  This information is for educational purposes only.

(This column is authored by Carol Koenigsknecht, Herbal Practitioner and owner of Terra Ken Herbals.  She is available for consultations, classes and lectures, and can be reached via her website athttp://www.TerraKenHerbals.net or by phone, (706) 797-0091.  She also owns and operates Carol’s Critter Care, a pet-sitting service.)

腹型肥胖增加妇女偏头痛的风险

Belly Fat Linked to Risk of Migraines

Study Shows Excess Belly Fat May Increase Risk of Migraines for Men and Women Under 55

By Salynn Boyles
WebMD Health News

Reviewed by Louise Chang, MD

Feb. 13, 2009 -- Belly fat has been linked to increased risks for heart disease and diabetes. Now new research suggests it may also be linked to an increased risk for migraines, at least until middle age.

Waist circumference was found to be a better predictor of migraine activity than general obesity in both men and women up until age 55.

Earlier research has linked obesity with an increase in the frequency of migraines in people who already have them. But the new study is one of the few to suggest that obesity raises the overall risk for migraines.

And it is the first to examine whether belly fat may play a specific role in migraines and severe frequent headaches.

The findings will be presented in April at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) in Seattle.

Belly Fat and Migraines

Researchers from Philadelphia's Drexel University College of Medicine examined data collected from more than 22,000 participants in the ongoing National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

The survey included measurements of both abdominal obesity, measured by waist circumference, and overall obesity, as determined by body mass index (BMI). The data also include self-reported estimates of migraine and severe headache frequency.

Women are three times as likely as men to suffer from migraines. Researcher B. Lee Peterlin, DO, tells WebMD that the findings may help researchers understand this gender difference.

"This may be one piece of the puzzle," she says. "This does not suggest that if you lose your extra abdominal fat it will cure your migraines. But it may be a clue to help explain the sexual dimorphism in migraine."

Even after controlling for overall obesity, excess belly fat was associated with a significant increase in migraine activity in both men and women between the ages of 20 and 55.

"This is the age when migraine is most prevalent," she says. "Our findings suggest that both general obesity and abdominal obesity are associated with an increased prevalence of migraine in this age group."

Women with extra belly fat were 30% more likely to experience migraines than women without excess belly fat, even after accounting for overall obesity, risk factors for heart disease, and demographic characteristics. The link between belly fat and migraines in men in this age group was not significant when accounting for these factors.

Migraines in Women

The findings suggest that belly fat is an important risk factor for migraine, but it may be more important in women than in men, Peterlin says.

After age 55, carrying extra weight around the middle appeared to be associated with a slight decrease in migraine risk in women, but the reasons for this are not clear.

"That was a surprise," Peterlin says. "It appears that there is an impact at every age, but it changes. In women under 55, belly fat is bad. But over 55, having belly fat may actually be mildly protective against migraine."

Migraine researcher Stephen Silberstein, MD, tells WebMD that the new research raises more questions than it answers.

Silberstein is a spokesman for the American Academy of Neurology and a professor of neurology at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia.

"The large population-based studies indicate that obesity correlates with the frequency, but not the presence of migraines," he says. "This is the first time anyone has looked at abdominal girth and they found that it predicts the presence of migraines. This is an interesting observation, but these findings would definitely need to be duplicated."

植物病毒提供智能炸弹炸死癌细胞

Washington, Feb 13 (ANI): In a major step towards better chemotherapy treatments, scientists have created tiny “smart bombs” by modifying a common plant virus, which can deliver drugs only to specific cells inside the human body without affecting surrounding tissue.

The researchers have revealed that each of these smart bombs is thousands of times smaller than the width of a human hair.

They say that the new approach may lead to more effective chemotherapy treatments with greatly reduced, or even eliminated, side effects.

In a collaborative effort, Drs. Stefan Franzen, professor of chemistry, and Steven Lommel, professor of plant pathology and genetics, used the special properties of a fairly common and non-toxic plant virus as a means to convey drugs to the target cells.

According to the researchers, the virus is appealing in both its ability to survive outside of a plant host and its built-in “cargo space” of 17 nano-meters, which can be used to carry chemotherapy drugs directly to tumour cells.

They deployed the virus by attaching small proteins, called signal peptides, to its exterior that cause the virus to “seek out” particular cells, such as cancer cells.

The same signal peptides serve as “passwords” that allow the virus to enter the cancer cell, where it releases its cargo.

“We had tried a number of different nanoparticles as cell-targeting vectorsThe plant virus is superior in terms of stability, ease of manufacture, ability to target cells and ability to carry therapeutic cargo,” said Franzen.

Calcium is the key to keeping the virus” cargo enclosed. When the virus is in the bloodstream, calcium is also abundant.

However, inside individual cells, calcium levels are much lower, which allows the virus to open, delivering the cancer drugs only to the targeted cells.

“Another factor that makes the virus unique is the toughness of its shell. When the virus is in a closed state, nothing will leak out of the interior, and when it does open, it opens slowly, which means that the virus has time to enter the cell nucleus before deploying its cargo, which increases the drug’’s efficacy,” said Lommel.

The researchers are hoping that their method will alleviate the side effects of common chemotherapy treatments, while maximizing the effectiveness of the treatment

尿酸增加青年人的死亡风险

In middle-aged Chinese adults, high blood levels of uric acid are a strong predictor of death from cardiovascular disease, stroke and all causes, according to results of a study conducted in Taiwan.

This finding was true not only in high-risk groups but in the general population, and potentially in low-risk groups as well, Dr. Wen-Harn Pan of the National Taiwan University, Taipei, and associates report in the journal Arthritis & Rheumatism.

Uric acid is a product of the breakdown of nitrogen compounds, and is normally excreted in urine. It has been recognized for decades that uric acid is found at high levels in the joints of people with gout. More recently, it has been suggested that uric acid may be a "danger signal" released by damaged cells that triggers inflammation and a strong immune response.

Pan's team studied data on approximately 42,000 men and 49,000 women whose average age was 51 years. All of them had health exams between 1994 and 1996 and were followed until the end of 2003.

High uric acid -- defined as a blood level greater than 7 milligrams per deciliter -- was documented at the first exam in 40 percent of men and 11 percent of women. During an average follow-up of 8.2 years, 5,427 study subjects died and 1,151 of these deaths were attributed to cardiovascular disease.

In the overall study population, a high blood uric acid level was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease, stroke, congestive heart failure or any cause.

A high blood uric acid level had even greater impact on death among people with high blood pressure and diabetes.

According to Pan, a high blood uric acid level is a risk factor for cardiovascular-related death "even in those without traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. It is important to examine whether uric acid is involved in the early stage of disease development."

Summing up, Pan said: "Our data showed that people with higher uric acid levels had poorer survival than those with lower levels. However, whether lowering it would translate into improved survival awaits further clinical trials."

SOURCE: Arthritis & Rheumatism, February 15, 2009.